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Guichard 2014, 12ff. (Zimrī-līm Epic)

SEAL no. 1552 · Epics · Mari (mod. Tell Ḥariri) · 162 lines · 720 words · 1945 signs · 124 Sumerograms

Transliteration

Hover or tap a word for its lemma and meaning.

col. i
i1[Zi-im-ri-l]i-im ri-im tu-qú-um-tim lu-na-i-id
i2[qú-ra-da-a]m a-na di-ri šu-ma-aš-šu lu-uš-ta-aš-ni
i3[Zi-im-ri-li-i]m a-pil ia-aḫ-du-li-im a-ša-re-ed ḫa-na
i4[mu-aʾ4-ab-bi-it du]-ur na-ak{R[I]}-ri-im
i5[0 0 0 0 0] ⌈x⌉ me-er lu-ul-li še20-me-e
i6[uṣ-ṣí-ra a]-wa-ti mu-ur-ta-di?⌉-[i]d? za-e-ra-am
i7[mu-ka-an-ni-iš] na-ak-ri-šu
i8[eṭ-lum pé-t]i-iú gišŠUKUR mu-ut-⌈x-x-ki/di
i9[a-ḫi-iz ma-tim] e-li ma-a-tim
i10[Zi-im-ri]-li-im pé-ti-iú gišŠUKURmu-ut-x-x-ki/di]
i11[a-ḫi-i]z? ma-tim e-li ma-a⌉-tim
i12[i]-⌈ŠÀ?⌉ šu-qú-ri ib-bu-ú DINGIRmeš šum-šu
i13zi-ik-ru dA-nim li⌉-te9(TI)-li-il ri-im ma-ti-šu
i14zi-im-ri-li-im ib-bu-ú DINGIRmeš šum-šu
i15zi-ik-ru dA-nim li-te9-li-il ri-im ma-ti-šu
i16LUGAL ša-pé-e-em lu?⌉-ša-ar-bi-ma
i17na-ak-ri dEN-LÍL iš-ta-ka-an za-ri-šu
i18ib-bi-ri-it ḫa-bu-ur ù pu-ra-an-tim
i19i-na aš-ri dIŠKUR i-di-nu di-na-aš-šu
i20id-di ri-ig-ma-aš-šu qí-in-na-šu ú-pa-ar-ri-ir
i21a-na ki-ib-ra-at er-be-e-im ṭe4-em-šu is-pu-uḫ
i22im-šu-úʾ ma-a-tum bu-ši qa-ti-šu
i23i-na a-lim Bi-⌈sa⌉-anki KÙ-SI22 eb-ba-am
i24ib-tu-uq na-ak-ra-am ki-i ki-ṣí-ir a-bi-ḫi-im
i25iš-ti er-ṣe-tum da-mi qar-ra-di
i26i-il-la-ak an-nu-ni-tumx(TIM) i-na i-mi-ti-šu
i27dIŠKUR ša-pu-ú ri-gi-im-šu id-di
i28id-di ri-ig-ma-aš-šu iš-te9-bi-ir gišŠUKUR na-ak-ri
i29it-bu-uk i-ma-as-sú am-ma-ta-[tim]
i30Zi-im-ri-li-im še20-bi-ru gišŠUKUR na-ak-ri-im
i31it-bu-uk i-ma-as-sú e-l[i] na-ak-ri-šu
i32pu-tam ta-an-pí-iḫ-tam is-ri-[im?] i⌉-ša-at qa-ab-lim
i33ma-an-nu-um él-ka [ša] ú-ba-al-lu-ši-ma
i34at-ta te-ep-ti [0 0] pu-šu-uq ša-du-i
i35ša sí-ik-k[u-ru ed-l]u-ú gišIG ZU NA4
i36Zi-im-r[i-li-im p]é-ti-iú gišIGḫá dan-nim
i37sa s[í-ik-ku-ru ed-lu]-⌈ú gišIG ZI-NA NA4
i38[0 0 0 0 0 ma-ti]m? ka-li-ši
i39[0 0 0 0 0 0]x-am tu-ra-am-mi du-un-na-aš-ši
i40[0 0 0 ka-la (?) ni-š]i e-pé-tim
i41[0 0 0 0 0 da-r]a-am tu-ša-aš-ki-in šum-ka
i42[ ]x e-te-él-le-et
i43[ ]x ta?⌉-aš-ku-un
i44[ ] ⌈x⌉ ⌈ka
(10 lines lost)
col. ii
ii1Zi-im-ri-l[i-im]
ii2ki-ma pé-er-di-im x[...]
ii3ip-pa-an ki-iṣ-ra-[tim ]
ii4ra-ki-ib ši-ḫa-mi [...]
ii5a-na pa-ni-šu pa-ri-kum ú-[ul i-ba-aš-ši]
ii6li-ta-am-ḫa-aḫ na-ak-rum ki-[ṭi-di-im ina me-e (?)]
ii7wa-ar-ku-um ṭà-ri-du-um ú-ul i[p?-pa-ar-ši-id]
ii8pé-tu-ú-um 2 [gišIGḫá ša-du-i (?)]
ii9la-li-iú-um i-du-uk za-r[i-šu ]
ii10a-ša-am-ša-tum is-ḫu-ra-šu-nu-ši-i[m]
ii11ú-ul i-du-ur a-li-kam [a]-na im-ni-š[u ù šu-me-li-šu (?)]
ii12bu-ku-ur dEN-LÍL dla-ga-ma-al e-t[e]-⌈él-lu
ii13ù ti-il-la-as-su-ma?⌉ [i]p-ri-kuša?–ni!? qar?-ra?-di?⌉
ii14ki-ma ap-pa-ri-im i-ṣí-da-am ṣa-ba-šu
ii15ki-ma bi-nim šu-um-qú-tu qar-ra-du
ii16iš-ti er-ṣe-tum da-mi-šu
ii17a-ki!?-i? d?IŠKUR⌉ šu-pu a-na ḫu-ur-ri-im
ii18Zi-im-ri-li-im ni-im-ru a-na-na-tim
ii19da-an-nu-um ka-mi lem?-ni?⌉ [mu]-ḫa-al-li-iq na-ak-ri
ii20pí-šu i-pu-ša-am i-qa-ab-bi
ii21is-sà-aq-qa-ra-am a-na eṭ-li-šu
ii22ša-as-su-ru-um ib-ni-ku-nu-tim
ii23um-mu-um ki-ma ku-nu-ti-ma ul-da-an-ni
ii24ša-ti ta-ḫa-zu e-li-ia pa-ni ?⌉-ni
ii25ki-ib-ra-at er-bé-e-im ku-nu-ti?⌉ na-ak-ra
ii26ù ma-a-tum [0] ⌈ga?⌉ x ⌈ta? ri/ur?⌉ šu-še-ra-nim
ii27na-ak-ru-um pa?⌉-[ḫi-i]r? x M[I?] ⌈x tim?? x na?-tum?⌉
ii28a-na ta-ḫa-zi-im [e-pé-ši-im a-na-ku lu-uš-te-še]-er
ii29[ri-im šar-r]i? ku-nu-um ki ša [ḫa-da-an-šu i-ka-ša-du]
ii30z[i-i]m-ri-li-im ku-nu-um ki ša ḫa-da-a[n-šu i-ka-ša-du]
ii31ú-ta-e-er šu-uk-ka-al-la-šu
ii32lú-mešsu-ga!-gi iš-pu-ut
ii33qar-ra-di-ia!(E) Ḫa-na li-qa-ar-ri-bu-nim
ii34DUMUmeš na-qí-di li-ru-bu ma-aḫ-ri IGI-ia
ii35i-na pí-iḫ-ri-im wa-ši-bu-ut a-aḫ pu-ra-an-tim
ii36i-na mi-il-ki-ku-nu a-na-ku lu-pu-úš
ii37iš-me-ma an-né-e-em qa-ba-šu
ii38aš-ma-ad me-er-ʾu5-um-ma is-sà-aq-qa-ar-šum
ii39mi-na-am šu-ba-ra-am ta-na-áʾ-ʾì-id
ii40la ú[s-sà]-ḫi-ru i-ša-at qa-ab-li-ka
ii41ḫu-ur-[ba-š]u ṣí-il-lu [GI]Šḫá qí-iš-tim
ii42gu-šu-r[u-šu]-nu az-zi-im-ma la ḫe-ru li-ša-an pa-ši-im
ii43sà-ap-ḫ[a-at] šu-ba-ar-tum ki-i UDUḫá ri-tim
ii44[]-ra-[num] a-na re-di-i-im ṣí-di-tum ša-ak-na-at
ii45[Zi-im-ri-l]i-im li-mu-ru qú-ru-ud-ka
ii46[te-ni-iš-tum a-na di-r]i? li-na-i-id šum-ka
ii47[LUGAL iḫ-du a-na a-w]a?-at?⌉ me-er-ʾì-im wa-ar-di-šu
ii48[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ki-ma] e-ṣí-du-ut ú-ga-ri-im
ii49[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i]k-tu-um
ii50[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0]x-um
ii5[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 a]m
ii52[...]
ii53[...]
col. iii
iii1ti-il-la-ti-šu-nu ú-ma-a[l-lu] ṣe-ra-am
iii2la-bi-iš ap-lu-uḫ-tam ik-ki-ib-šu e-né-nu
iii3mi-im-ma ša ip-ri-ku a-na pa-ni-šu ma-aq-tu
iii4šu-ul-pu-tu su-up-pu-ḫu up-pu-ú ANŠEḫá
iii5a-ḫu-né-e i-ta-ad-du-ú qar-ra-du
iii6ba-al-la-at qé-er-bé-tum i-na da-mi-šu-nu
iii7a-di ša ik-šu-du ḫa-da-an-šu LUGAL
iii8ù i-da-ma-ra-aṣ ú-ka-an-ni-išº aš-še-pé-šu
iii9me-e na-da-tim iš-ta-na-at-ti
iii10e-si-ik it-ti re-di-i ka-lum-ma iš-šu-uš
iii11ra-ab-bu ba!-ia-ru wa-ṣú-šu
iii12ki-ma sí-ir-ra-m[i]-im pé-e ṣe-ru-um
iii13ši-ra-am i-ku-lu mu-tu-šu
iii14li-ib-ba-am ir-šu-ú da-na-na-am uṣ-bu
iii15Zi-im-ri-li-im ki-ma šu-ri-nim ip-pa-na i-la-ak
iii16is-ḫu-ur a-na la le-i-im i-na-ad-di-in li-ib-ba-am
iii17di-in-na-ma i-te-ru-ba
iii18iš-di-ku-nu i-im-ma-ar na-ak-rum
iii19ṣa-ab-tu ši-ru-šu-nu i-ša-tam
iii20ka-ar-šu-šu-nu ši-wi-tam la-am-du
iii21la-ab-šu pa-at-[r]i na-am-ṣa-ri šu-ku-ur-ri
iii22[i-du]-⌈úš?⌉-šu-nu i-šu-ur-ru ul-mu
iii23[a-na šu-te(?)]l-li e-zi-ba-at ṣe-ri-im
iii24i?⌉-[la-ak pa-na te]-⌈li⌉-tum 4-tár
iii25i-nu-ma x[...]x ⌈ú x x⌉ NA/DU-AZ/UK-ŠUM
iii26iš-ku-un ša-ak-ni-š[u i-na a-aḫ] na-ri-im
iii27la na-bi-iú-tim it-ti DING[IRmeš i-ri-iš a-na] re⌉-di-im
iii28ar-ḫi-iš LUGAL i-pu-lu a[n-na-am]
iii29it-ta-an-pa-aḫ tu-uq-ma-tim qé-re-eb?⌉ [ma-a-ti]m?
iii30we-de-nu-úš-šu eṭ-lum ú-ul i-la-ak ge-er-r[a-am]
iii31LUGAL zi-ik-ru-úš dDa-gan e-te9-él-ma
iii32iṣ-ṣa-am-ma-ar e-li mu-ti ki-im-ti-šu
iii33Zi-im-ri-li-im zi-ik-ru-úš dDa-gan e-te9-él-ma
iii34tu-uk-la-as-su dI-túr-me-er ur-ša-nu
iii35i-mu-ur-ma it-ta-šu a-pí-la-am e-te9-él ma-ti-š[u?]
iii36LUGAL li-ib-ba-šu da-na-na-am uṣ-ba-am
iii37i-la-ak ad-du-um i-na šu-me-li-šu
iii38Èr-ra da-pí-nu-um-ma i-na im-ni-šu
iii39uš-ta-aṣ-bi-it ki-iṣ-ri-šu i-na a-aḫ Ḫa-bu-ur
iii40mu-ša-am-ma a-na pa-ni-šu-nu e-bi-ir
iii41ìs-si DUMUmeš MÁŠ-ŠU-SU13-SU13 ú-za-ak-ki
iii42dUTU qú-ra-du-um i-ta-ap-la-an-ni
iii43UD-ma-am an-né-e-em a-ka-am-mi na-ak-ri
iii44eṭ-lu-ia ti-iṣ-ma-ra d[a-na-na-a]m?
iii45ḫu-us-sà na-ak-ri-ku-nu ki-[i 0 0 0]x
iii46qar-ra-du-šu iš-mu-ú zi-k[i-ir ša-ap-ti-šu (?)]
iii47ki-i 1 ḫu-ḫa-ri-im ìs-ḫu-p[u na-ak-ri-šu-nu]
iii48ša ip-pa-ar-ši-du [...]
iii49ša i-ti-qú ṣe-di-ir [...]
iii50Zi-im-ri-li-im na-[...]
iii51mi-iš-li n[a?-ak-ri...]
iii52zu-bi⌉ [...]
iii53LUGAL x[...]
iii54ḪI-x [...]
col. iv
iv1[0 0 0 0 0 0-a]m iḫ-pí
iv2[0 0 0 0] ú-ša-aš-ki-in
iv3[0 0 0] ú-ma-al-li ma-a-tam
iv4[ša Zi-im-ri]-li-im i-pu-lu ze-er-tam
iv5[ú-u]l ib-lu-ṭú šu-nu im-tu-tu
iv6[]-tu LUGAL ik-šu-du ḫa-da-an-šu
iv7[i]-ru-ub ma-ḫa-ar nu-na-am-ni-ir
iv8[i-n]a e-ki-si-iq-qa SÍSKUR-RE-šu iq-qí
iv9[]-re-eb Ter-qaki na-ra-ma-at dDa-gan
iv10ba-la-ṭà-am ḫe-gál-la-am ù da-na-na-am
iv11it-ti dDa-gan Zi-im-ri-li-im i-ri-iš

Translation

 

(i 1) Let me praise [Zimrī-L]īm, the wild bull of combats,

(2) The h[ero] – let me retell his praises forever!

(3) [Zimrī-L]īm, the first-born of Yaḫdun-Līm who walks at the head of the Ḫana,

(4) [The destroyer] the enemy’s cita[del],

(5) Let me extol [the hero of (the god) Itūr]-Mēr; listen!

(6) [Pay heed] to my words as he who keeps pursuing the foe!

(7) [The subduer] of his enemies,

(8) [The lad who laun]ches the lances, he who [. . .]

(9) [Who gains control over land] after land,

(10) Zimrī-Līm who launches the lances, he who [. . .]

(11) Who gains control over land after land!

(12) In the most precious womb did the gods call his name:

(13) “According to the word of An, may he excel, the wild bull of his land!”

(14) “Zimrī-Līm!” did the gods call his name,

(15) “According to the word of An, may he excel, the wild bull of his land!”

(16) Let me glorify the illustrious king:

(17) He set the enemies of Enlil as his foes.

(18) Between the Khabur and the Euphrates,

(19) Where Adad passes his judgement,

(20) There he burst out his cry and dispersed the (enemy’s) nests.

(21) To the four corners of the world he spread his will.

(22) The Land carried booty, possessions belonging (to the enemy):

(23) Pure gold, in the town of Bisan. 

(24) He pierced the enemy as (cutting) a tied rope,

(25) The netherworld drank the heroes’ blood.

(26) Annunītum walking at his right,

(27) Roaring Adad burst out his cry,

(28) He burst out his cry – broke the enemy’s lances.

(29) He poured his venom on the (hostile) lands.

(30) Zimrī-Līm, the breaker of the enemy’s lances,

(31) Poured his venom on his enemies.

(32) The blaze of battle scorched the firing line:

(33) Who but you can extinguish it?

(34) It is you who managed to open narrow (paths) in the mountains,

(35) Locked with bolts, with doors of stone-made plates,

(36) Zimrī-Līm, who got through the citadel’s doors,

(37) Locked with bolts, with a door of stone-made grid.

(38) [. . .] the entire land.

(39) You have established the glory [of your land],

(40) [. . .] over the dense population,

(41) [. . .] you made an [ever]lasting renown.

(42) [. . .] exalted (fame).

(43) [. . .] you have established.

(About 10 lines missing)

 

(ii 1) Zimrī-Līm [. . .]

(2) Like a horse [. . .],

(3) At the head of the squadrons, [. . .].

(4) Rider of stallions(?) [. . .],

(5) [There is] n[o] opponent (who can) face him,

(6) So that the enemy disintegrates as [clay in water(?)],

(7) And in the rear, no fugitive will e[scape].

(8) Getting through the two [doors in the mountains],

(9) The Deer killed his fo[es . . .].

(10) Dust storms surrounded them.

(11) He did not fear the one walking on his right [or left],

(12) (For) the first-born of Enlil, the god Lā-Gamāl, the prince,

(13) And his auxiliary forces blocked the charge of (enemy’s) fighters,

(14) He cut the (enemy’s) army like marsh reeds,

(15) Like a tamarisk were the (enemy’s) heroes cut down,

(16) The netherworld drank their blood.

(17) Ever after Adad appeared majestically,

(18) Zimrī-Līm, the panther of warfare,

(19) The fierce, the queller of the wicked ones, the annihilator of the enemies,

(20) Opened his mouth and said,

(21) Addressed his young warriors:

(22) “The (same) womb created you,

(23) The (same) mother, as yours, bore me!

(24) The war has become entangled and reached me,

(25) (And now) the four corners of the world are hostile against you!

(26) Indeed, the land is [adverse(?)] – liberate (it) for me!

(27) The enemy is gathered [. . .]

(28) To the fight [let us march!]”

(29) [The bull of k]ings, the just one, [in order to ob]tain his goal,

(30) Zimrī-Līm, the just one, [in order to obtain his] goal,

(31) Commanded his counselor,

(32) Gave orders to the tribal leaders:

(33) “Let them summon my warriors, the people of Ḫana!

(34) May all the shepherds come in front of me!

(35) With the best of troops, the dwellers of the bank of the Euphrates –

(36) I will do as your resolution will be!”

(37) Having heard his words,

(38) Ašmaṭ, his chief-shepherd, said to him:

(39) “Why are you worried by the people of Subartu?

(40) Your blaze of battle should not turn back!

(41) Frost lies under the shade of the trees of the forest,

(42) For their trunks were not exposed to the luster of an axe’s blade.

(43) The land of Subartu is spread like pasturing sheep,

(44) Provision for (our) troops is to be found there.

(45) Oh Zimrī-Līm, let them experience your might!

(46) May [the people] praise your name forever!”

(47) [The king rejoic]ed at the words of his servant, the chief shepherd.

(48) [. . .] the reapers in the field.

(About 6 lines missing)

 

(iii 1) With their auxiliary forces they have filled the plain,

(2) But he, clad in armor, mercifulness is an abomination to him:

(3) Whoever opposes him falls down.

(4) All around are spread the slain (enemy’s) donkeys,

(5) The heroes are thrown in all sides.

(6) The valley is soaked with their blood.

(7) Until he obtains his goal – the king –

(8) And subjugates the land of Ida-maraṣ to his feet,

(9) He keeps drinking (only) from waterskins,

(10) Busy with his troops, sharing all (their) troubles,

(11) He goes out (to the ambush with) the great hunters.

(12) As the onager in the field (is feeding) on chaff,

(13) So his men were eating game –

(14) (Thus) they were gaining ambition, gathering courage.

(15) Zimrī-Līm is marching in the fore as a standard,

(16) Turning back to support the weary:

(17) “Get stronger! Keep entering (into the hostile land)!

(18) The enemy will see your contingents!”

(19) Their flash then set ablaze,

(20) And burning ignited in their guts.

(21) Clad with daggers, swords and lances,

(22) Axes swinging at their sides.

(23) In order to get hold of the rest of the field,

(24) The [ing]enious Ištar [is walking at the front].

(25) When [. . .] for him,

(26) He stationed his officers on [the bank of] the river,

(27) [And turned with a query] to the gods who were still not asked, about marching (to battle).

(28) They answered the king at once: “Yes!”

(29) (And so,) battles broke out in the midst of the (hostile) land.

(30) The young warrior will not walk alone in the campaign.

(31) The king, in accordance with the word of Dagān, being grand,

(32) Will be protected by the men of his clan.

(33) Zimrī-Līm, in accordance with the word of Dagān, being grand,

(34) Put his trust in Itūr-Mēr, the powerful god.

(35) When the prince of the land saw his oracular sign, (given) through the diviner,

(36) The king – his heart was increasing with bravery.

(37) Adad was walking at his left,

(38) Erra, the thrusting one, at his right.

(39) He positioned his squadrons at the bank of the Khabur,

(40) And by night, heading them, he crossed it.

(41) He summoned the diviners, cleansed himself (saying):

(42) “Oh Šamaš, answer me:

(43) Will I quell my enemies today?”

(44) “Oh my young warriors, strive for courage!

(45) Consider your enemy as [a trapped bird]!”

(46) His heroes heard his [words]

(47) And fell over [the enemy] as a bird-snare.

(48) He who hoped to escape [was trapped],

(49) He who wanted to flight was caught [. . .]

(50) Zimrī-Līm [. . .]

(51) Half of the en]emy’s (army) . . .[

(About 3 lines missing)

 

(iv 1) He broke the [. . .]

(2) He ordered to install the [. . .]

(3) He filled the land [with . . .]

(4) Those who answered [Zimrī]-Līm with hostility

(5) Did [no]t stay alive, they have perished.

(6) Straight after the king obtained his goal,

(7) He entered in front of the god Nunamnir,

(8) And in the temple Ekisiqqa he presented his offerings.

(9) In Terqa, the beloved (city) of Dagān,

(10) Life, abundance and valor

(11) Did Zimrī-Līm ask of Dagān.

 

Michael P. Streck and Nathan Wasserman, Sources of Early Akkadian Literature (SEAL), seal.huji.ac.il. No commercial use is allowed. Published under CC BY-NC-ND (Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives). Reproduced unmodified. Cite as SEAL no. 1552; view on seal.huji.ac.il.