Theravāda Vinaya — Mahāvibhaṅga — Nissaggiyakaṇḍa

Early Buddhist texts (SuttaCentral): Vinaya · Bhikkhu Brahmali · vinaya · 184 sections

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Theravāda Vinaya
Theravāda Collection on Monastic Law
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Mahāvibhaṅga
The Great Analysis
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Nissaggiyakaṇḍa
The chapter on relinquishment
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Pattavagga
The subchapter on almsbowls
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22. Ūnapañcabandhanasikkhāpada
22. Exchanging an almsbowl with fewer than five mends
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Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṁ nigrodhārāme.
At one time the Buddha was staying in the Sakyan country in the Banyan Tree Monastery at Kapilavatthu.
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Tena kho pana samayena aññatarena kumbhakārena bhikkhū pavāritā honti—
At that time a potter had invited the monks, saying,
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“yesaṁ ayyānaṁ pattena attho ahaṁ pattenā”ti.
“If any of you needs an almsbowl, I’ll provide it.”
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Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū na mattaṁ jānitvā bahū patte viññāpenti.
But the monks had no sense of moderation, and they asked for many bowls.
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Yesaṁ khuddakā pattā te mahante patte viññāpenti.
Those who had small bowls asked for large ones,
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Yesaṁ mahantā pattā te khuddake patte viññāpenti.
and those who had large bowls asked for small ones.
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Atha kho so kumbhakāro bhikkhūnaṁ bahū patte karonto na sakkoti aññaṁ vikkāyikaṁ bhaṇḍaṁ kātuṁ,
The potter was so busy making bowls for the monks that he was unable to make goods for sale.
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attanāpi na yāpeti, puttadārāpissa kilamanti.
He could not make a living for himself, and his wives and children suffered.
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Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
People complained and criticized them,
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“kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā na mattaṁ jānitvā bahū patte viññāpessanti.
“How can the Sakyan monastics have no sense of moderation and ask for many bowls?
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Ayaṁ imesaṁ bahū patte karonto na sakkoti aññaṁ vikkāyikaṁ bhaṇḍaṁ kātuṁ,
This potter is so busy making bowls for them that he is unable to make goods for sale.
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attanāpi na yāpeti, puttadārāpissa kilamantī”ti.
He is unable to make a living for himself, and his wives and children are suffering.”
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Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ.
The monks heard the complaints of those people,
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Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
and the monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks,
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“kathañhi nāma bhikkhū na mattaṁ jānitvā bahū patte viññāpessantī”ti.
“How can those monks have no sense of moderation and ask for many bowls?”
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Atha kho te bhikkhū te anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…
After rebuking those monks in many ways, they told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks:
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saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū na mattaṁ jānitvā bahū patte viññāpentīti?
“Is it true, monks, that there are monks who do this?”
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“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, sir.”
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Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked them …
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kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā na mattaṁ jānitvā bahū patte viññāpessanti.
“How can those foolish men do this?
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Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …”
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vigarahitvā dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—
After rebuking them, he gave a teaching and addressed the monks:
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“na, bhikkhave, patto viññāpetabbo. Yo viññāpeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā”ti.
“Monks, a monk should not ask for an almsbowl. If he does, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.”
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Tena kho pana samayena aññatarassa bhikkhuno patto bhinno hoti.
Soon afterwards the bowl of a certain monk broke.
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Atha kho so bhikkhu—“bhagavatā paṭikkhittaṁ pattaṁ viññāpetun”ti kukkuccāyanto na viññāpeti.
Knowing that the Buddha had prohibited asking for a bowl and being afraid of wrongdoing, he did not ask for a new one.
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Hatthesu piṇḍāya carati.
As a consequence, he collected almsfood with his hands.
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Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
People complained and criticized him,
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“kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā hatthesu piṇḍāya carissanti, seyyathāpi titthiyā”ti.
“How can the Sakyan monastics collect almsfood with their hands, just like the monastics of other religions?”
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Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ.
The monks heard the complaints of those people
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Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.
and they told the Buddha.
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Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—
Soon afterwards the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks:
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“anujānāmi, bhikkhave, naṭṭhapattassa vā bhinnapattassa vā pattaṁ viññāpetun”ti.
“Monks, I allow you to ask for a new almsbowl if your bowl has been lost or is broken.”
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Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū—“bhagavatā anuññātaṁ naṭṭhapattassa vā bhinnapattassa vā pattaṁ viññāpetun”ti appamattakenapi bhinnena appamattakenapi khaṇḍena vilikhitamattenapi bahū patte viññāpenti.
When they heard about the Buddha’s allowance, the monks from the group of six asked for many bowls even when their existing bowls only had a minor chip or scratch.
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Atha kho so kumbhakāro bhikkhūnaṁ tatheva bahū patte karonto na sakkoti aññaṁ vikkāyikaṁ bhaṇḍaṁ kātuṁ,
Once again that potter was so busy making bowls for the monks that he was unable to make goods for sale.
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attanāpi na yāpeti, puttadārāpissa kilamanti.
He could not make a living for himself, and his wives and children suffered.
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Manussā tatheva ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
And people complained and criticized them as before.
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“kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā na mattaṁ jānitvā bahū patte viññāpessanti.
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Ayaṁ imesaṁ bahū patte karonto na sakkoti aññaṁ vikkāyikaṁ bhaṇḍaṁ kātuṁ, attanāpi na yāpeti, puttadārāpissa kilamantī”ti.
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Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ.
The monks heard the complaints of those people,
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Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
and the monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks,
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“kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū appamattakenapi bhinnena appamattakenapi khaṇḍena vilikhitamattenapi bahū patte viññāpessantī”ti.
“How can the monks from the group of six ask for many bowls even when their existing bowls only have a minor chip or scratch?”
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Atha kho te bhikkhū chabbaggiye bhikkhū anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…
After rebuking those monks in many ways, they told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks:
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“saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, appamattakenapi bhinnena appamattakenapi khaṇḍena vilikhitamattenapi bahū patte viññāpethā”ti?
“Is it true, monks, that you do this?”
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“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, sir.”
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Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked them …
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kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, appamattakenapi bhinnena appamattakenapi khaṇḍena vilikhitamattenapi bahū patte viññāpessatha.
“Foolish men, how could you do this?
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Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …
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evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:
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“Yo pana bhikkhu ūnapañcabandhanena pattena aññaṁ navaṁ pattaṁ cetāpeyya, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.
‘If a monk exchanges an almsbowl with fewer than five mends for a new almsbowl, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.
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Tena bhikkhunā so patto bhikkhuparisāya nissajjitabbo.
That monk should relinquish that almsbowl to a gathering of monks.
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Yo ca tassā bhikkhuparisāya pattapariyanto so tassa bhikkhuno padātabbo— ‘ayaṁ te, bhikkhu, patto yāva bhedanāya dhāretabbo’ti.
He should then be given the last almsbowl belonging to that gathering: “Monk, this bowl is yours. Keep it until it breaks.”
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Ayaṁ tattha sāmīcī”ti.
This is the proper procedure.’”
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Yo panāti
A:
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yo yādiso …pe…
whoever …
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bhikkhūti
Monk:
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…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
… The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.
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Ūnapañcabandhano nāma patto
An almsbowl with fewer than five mends:
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abandhano vā ekabandhano vā dvibandhano vā tibandhano vā catubandhano vā.
it has no mends, one mend, two mends, three mends, or four mends.
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Abandhanokāso nāma patto
An almsbowl with a mend that does not count:
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yassa dvaṅgulā rāji na hoti.
one that does not have a fracture of 3.5 cm.
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Bandhanokāso nāma patto
An almsbowl with a mend that counts:
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yassa dvaṅgulā rāji hoti.
one that does have a fracture of 3.5 cm.
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Navo nāma
New almsbowl:
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patto viññattiṁ upādāya vuccati.
asked for is what is meant.
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Cetāpeyyāti
Exchanges:
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viññāpeti, payoge dukkaṭaṁ.
if he asks, then for the effort there is an act of wrong conduct.
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Paṭilābhena nissaggiyo hoti.
When he gets the bowl, it becomes subject to relinquishment.
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Saṅghamajjhe nissajjitabbo.
It should be relinquished in the midst of the Sangha.
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Sabbeheva adhiṭṭhitapattaṁ gahetvā sannipatitabbaṁ.
All determined bowls should be brought together.
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Na lāmako patto adhiṭṭhātabbo—
One should not determine an inferior bowl, thinking,
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“mahagghaṁ pattaṁ gahessāmī”ti.
“I’ll get a valuable one.”
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Sace lāmakaṁ pattaṁ adhiṭṭheti— “mahagghaṁ pattaṁ gahessāmī”ti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If one determines an inferior bowl, thinking, “I’ll get a valuable one,” one commits an offense of wrong conduct.
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Evañca pana, bhikkhave, nissajjitabbo.
“And, monks, it should be relinquished like this.
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Tena bhikkhunā saṅghaṁ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṁ nisīditvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo—
After approaching the Sangha, that monk should arrange his upper robe over one shoulder and pay respect at the feet of the senior monks. He should then squat on his heels, raise his joined palms, and say:
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“ayaṁ me, bhante, patto ūnapañcabandhanena pattena cetāpito nissaggiyo.
‘Venerables, this almsbowl, which I got in exchange for a bowl that had fewer than five mends, is to be relinquished.
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Imāhaṁ saṅghassa nissajjāmī”ti.
I relinquish it to the Sangha.’”
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Nissajjitvā āpatti desetabbā.
After relinquishing it, he should confess the offense.
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Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena āpatti paṭiggahetabbā.
The confession should be received by a competent and capable monk.
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Pañcahaṅgehi samannāgato bhikkhu pattaggāhāpako sammannitabbo—
A monk who has five qualities should be appointed as the distributor of almsbowls:
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yo na chandāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na dosāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na mohāgatiṁ gaccheyya, na bhayāgatiṁ gaccheyya, gāhitāgāhitañca jāneyya.
he’s not biased by favoritism, ill will, confusion, or fear, and he knows what has and has not been distributed.
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“Evañca pana, bhikkhave, sammannitabbo.
“And, monks, he should be appointed like this.
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Paṭhamaṁ bhikkhu yācitabbo.
First the monk should be asked,
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Yācitvā byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo—
and then a competent and capable monk should inform the Sangha:
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‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho.
‘Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.
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Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ, saṅgho itthannāmaṁ bhikkhuṁ pattaggāhāpakaṁ sammanneyya.
If the Sangha is ready, it should appoint monk so-and-so as the distributor of almsbowls.
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Esā ñatti.
This is the motion.
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Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho.
Please, venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.
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Saṅgho itthannāmaṁ bhikkhuṁ pattaggāhāpakaṁ sammannati.
The Sangha appoints monk so-and-so as the distributor of almsbowls.
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Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno pattaggāhāpakassa sammuti, so tuṇhassa;
Any monk who agrees to appointing monk so-and-so as the distributor of almsbowls should remain silent.
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yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
Any monk who doesn’t agree should speak up.
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Sammato saṅghena itthannāmo bhikkhu pattaggāhāpako.
The Sangha has appointed monk so-and-so as the distributor of almsbowls.
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Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī,
The Sangha approves and is therefore silent.
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evametaṁ dhārayāmī’”ti.
I will remember it thus.’”
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Tena sammatena bhikkhunā patto gāhetabbo.
The appointed monk should give away that relinquished bowl.
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Thero vattabbo—
He should ask the most senior monk,

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